Teenage pregnancy is a critical public health issue in both the developing and developed world. It has been thought to have an intrinsic effect on the infant and maternal morbidity and mortality statistics worldwide. In its publication, the State of the World's Children report, UNICEF stated that worldwide over 500,00 women of all age groups die yearly and 70000 females aged 15-19 years would die during child birth [1] . Currently, evidence of 'causal' hypothesis is conflicting and inconclusive...

Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body. Symptoms include frequent urination, lethargy, excessive thirst, and hunger. The treatment includes changes in diet, oral medications, and in some cases, daily injections of insulin.The most common form of diabetes is Type II, It is sometimes called age-onset or adult-onset...

Methodology is a significant part of the study which enables the researcher to project the research undertaken. This chapter includes research approach, research design, variables, settings, sample and sampling technique, description of the instrument, content validity of the tool, pilot study, data collection procedure, plan for data analysis and protection of human rights.The selected setting was done on the basis of the feasibility of conducting the study, availability of subjects and...

A person's first level of contact, with regards to the health system is known as Primary Health Care (French, S., Old, A., & Healy, J. (2001)). It is necessary, usually community based, health care aimed to be reachable to all everywhere and delivering health care nearer to people's homes and workplaces (Gillies A. (2003). The primary providers of this type of health care are general practitioners (GP's); however the number of nurses and midwives that are providing primary health care is...

A 29-year-old Indonesian domestic helper, Ms MH, was admitted to medical department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, complaining of bilateral feet and ankles swelling and frothy urine for 1 week. There was no haematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency, fever, joint pain, skin rashes, sore throat, recent upper respiratory tract symptoms or gastrointestinal symptoms. She denied taking any herbs or over-the-counter medications. Her past medical history and family history were unremarkable. She...

From two decades ago there was a rapid increase in the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study and explore cortical changes in human motor cortex[1]. The use of an externally applied magnetic current to stimulate the human cortex was first described by Barker et al in 1985[3]. TMS is a noninvasive, safe and painless technique used to assess corticospinal excitability and plasticity of the central nervous system (CNS) . One of the major advantages of TMS compared to cortical...

Type II diabetes is very common in obese children. Childhood obesity is a very serious disease that affects many children and young adults. The condition can affect almost every major organ in a child's body, including the blood vessels, heart, nerves, eyes and kidneys; resulting in pancreatitis or insulinoma. Childhood obesity occurs when the weight of a child is well over the normal growth rate (over the eight fifth percentile) of his or her height. Mayo Clinic has stated that, "Type...

interventions as a treatment strategy for persons at risk from the harmful or dangerous use of alcohol has become widely accepted in recent years. The use of brief intervention strategies have been utilized as a treatment strategy for addictions and other psychosocial issues for many years and have been the subject of many investigations, studies and evaluations. The use of this strategy is targeted at those who are risk from the harmful and dangerous use of alcohol. This method of treatment is...

INTRODUCTION - Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been described as "the complex somatic, cognitive, affective and behavioral effects of psychological trauma" [1]. PTSD is characterized by intrusive thoughts, nightmares and flashbacks of past traumatic events, avoidance of reminders of trauma, hypervigilance, and sleep disturbance, all of which lead to considerable social, occupational, and interpersonal dysfunction.The diagnosis of PTSD can be challenging because of the...

In recent years there has been a push to nationalize health care in the United States. Proponents claim that this would decrease costs, make medical care more accessible and increase the overall health of this nation. However, it would do none of these. The concept of nationalized health care is not supported by economics or by the results in countries that have implemented it. Canada is a current example of a country with an unsuccessful nationalized health care system. By studying the...